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PLOW. No. 304,577. Patented Sept. 2, 1884.

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PLOW. No. 304,577. Patented Sept. 2, 1884.

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llivrrnn 'rA'rns ATENT @rrreE JAMES S. STEVENS, OF DRANESVILLE, GEORGIA.

PLOW.

aSPECIE'ICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 304,577, dated September 2, 1884:.

Application filed May 27, 1884.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES S. STEVENS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dranesville, in the county of Marion and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plows, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to an interchangeable plow, which may be adapted for use either as a single plow or for running parallel furrows simultaneously.

The invention consists in a novel construction of the beam-frame, whereby it may be adjusted for regulating the distance between thefurrows when used as a double or triple plow, or a part or parts may be readily removed and replaced as desired for arranging the implement either as a single, double, or triple plow.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a plow constructed ac cording to my invention, and arranged for plowing two parallel furrows. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a plan view with the two parts of the beam separated for converting the implement into a single plow. Fig. 4. is a plan view of a triple plow constructed according to my invention. Fig. 5 is a plan View of a modified form of triple plow composing my invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, the letter A designates the beam-frame, which may be formed of either wrought or cast iron, and is composed of the beam-bar I), having front and rear arms, a at, extending laterally and bent at right angles to their inner ends to form bases 6 and e, lying flat against the bar I), and firmly bolted thereto, the bolt f, which passes through the base 0 of the rear arm, (1, serving also as the pivot of the rear standard, S, while the heads of the other bolts, f f are let in flush with the surface of bar I), behind that portion of the standard which lies against the beam. The outer bar, 9, of the beam-frame has its front and rear ends bent at right angles to form arms g 9 which lap upon and are bolted to the arms 0 and d, respectively, by bolts h h h, as many bolts being used at each end of the frame as desired. There are more bolt-holes in the arms 0 and d than there are bolts used,

(No model.)

as there are also in the arms and 9, so that the said arms 9 and may be adjusted either outwardly or inwardly, and so vary the distance between the bars I) and g, for regulating the transverse distance between the plows. The handles I I are both secured to the barb, forming one side of the frame.

The plow, as now described, is adapted for plowing two parallel furrows at any desired distance apart.

Braces 70, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2, may be used, if desired, to give greater firmness to the frame in case it is of light 0011- struetion.

To convert the double plow into a single plow, it is only necessary to remove the bolts which hold the arms 0 and d to the bar I), thus detaching the said arms and the bar In order to remove the bolts which hold the rear arm, (Z, the rear standard, S, must be swung out of the way to permit the bolts f f to be withdrawn. The bolt f is to be left in position to hold the brace-arms t t of the handles, and serve as a pivot for the rear standard; but its nut must be removed temporarily and replaced after the arm (Z is detached. The plow may be then used as a single plow and be readily again converted into a double plow.

Referring to Fig. 4, it will be seen that to construct a triple plow according to my invention it is only necessary to place arms 0 and (Z of both sides of the beam-bar and provide them with the adjustable outer bars, 9 g, with arms 9 g", which are adjustable the same as the outer bar of the double plow. The plows are arranged the same on both outer bars, and carried by standards S S. In this form I prefer to extend the beam-bar rearwardly far enough to carry the middle plow.

In the form of triple plow shown in Fig. 5 I arrange one of the outer bars, 9, somewhat to the rear of the other, and secure the plow to its rear end, while the plow carried by the main beam-bar is secured at about its midlength, and the other outer bar carries its plow at its front end. Thus the plows are in an oblique row, being carried by standards S S S.

It will be obvious that either form of triple plow may be changed to a double plow by taking off one of its outer frame-bars, or may be changed to a single plow by taking off both outer frame-bars.

Then the implement is changed to a single plow, I prefer to secure the plow near the middle of the main beam-bar, and attach a subsoil-plow to its rear end.

It will be observed that as a double or triple plow the frame is well braced, and as strong when at its widest adjustment as when at its narrowest.

I am aware that the beam-frame of a double parallel plow or cultivator has been constructed of two parallel bars, each having laterallyprojecting arms lapping and adjustable upon similar projecting arms of the other; but in such plows as heretofore constructed each side bar carries one of the guiding-handles, so that if the plow were made single one of the handles would have to be taken off its bar and replaced upon the other, which is to be used for the single plow, so that such single plow would be properly provided with two handles. Further, if such a double plow were adjusted wide enough for ordinary double row cultivation, the handles would be too far apart for convenience in many instances. I lay no claim to such a double plow-beam, or to a duplication of similar beams upon each side of a main beam, to form a gang-plow.

Having now fully described myinvcntion, I claim 1. The combination, in an adjustable plowbeam frame, of the bar b, provided with two guiding-handles, both secured directly to said bar, arms 0 (Z, and bar 9, having its ends bent to lap upon said arms and longitudinally adjustable thereon, substantially as described.

2. The hereindescribed plow, capable of being arranged as either a single, double-parallel, or triple-parallel plow, and having the main beam and laterally-adj ustable side frames on opposite sides, one of said frames being in advance of the other, and each of said frames consisting of a bar, 9, with bent ends adjustable on arms projecting from the main beam, substantially as described.

3. The herein-described plow, capable of being arranged as either a single, double-par allel, or triple-parallel plow, and having the main plow-beam, laterally-projecting arms on opposite sides of said beam, and the outer plow-supporting bars, '9 9, having bent ends secured to and adjustable on said arms, sub stantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence 01'" witnesses.

JAMES S. STEVENS.

\Vitnesses:

.Lmrns S. MoConKLn,

.Iaoon JAMns, IV. J. Rnnsn. 

